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Tech Update 
XHTML is the best wireless dev tool
More on why XHTML works well for wireless
By Puneet Gupta
Builder.com
November 21, 2002


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Several properties make XHTML an attractive choice for wireless application development. Some of the advantages of using XHTML for wireless devices are:

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  • Easier development and maintenance. Since XHTML uses HTML v4.1 tags, you don't have to learn new language tags and you can employ the same tools you use for PC Web development. This means lower development costs as well as lower maintenance costs (no need to maintain different versions of content).
  • Better performance. HTML allows for ambiguous code, whereas XHTML, being an XML application, enforces strict syntax. To handle HTML's ambiguities, HTML browsers are typically complex and large--not an option for small mobile devices with limited memory capabilities. XHTML makes relatively simple demands on memory and processing power and thus offers improved persformance
  • Consistent look and feel. Many types of wireless devices exist, each with its own display, memory, and processing capabilities. Use of strict XML syntax rules (well-formed document) ensures that content looks consistent on different device types. Also, each document is associated with a Document Type Definition (DTD), which essentially specifies what each tag means and how it should be treated.
  • Segregation of content and presentation. XHTML allows for a clean separation between content and its presentation. This is made possible by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), which allows you to specify the presentation of applications using style sheets. You can apply different style sheets depending on the intended device. Layout and presentation can thus be changed without modifying the basic content. A style sheet includes elements such as fonts, alignment, bulleting, text attributes, margins, and flow. By using default style sheets, operators can offer a consistent and operator-specific look and feel on the content provided by different content providers.
  • Transformation into alternate forms. Because XHTML is an XML application, it can use XSLT (eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) for automatic parsing and transcoding of content. XSLT can transform one form of XML content into other forms, such as XHTML and HTML, thereby eliminating the need for developing different types of content. Note that XHTML can itself be the XML content you're transforming.
  • XML development model. Although the language tags are familiar HTML tags, making it easy for developers to begin writing XHTML applications, XHTML (being an XML application) also introduces a modular and extensible model for looking at data. This should prove advantageous in making wireless application development modular and structured. A related benefit is the somewhat easier extensibility with specialized markup languages such as SMIL (multimedia), MathML (mathematics), SVG (vector graphics), SyncML (synchronization), and XForms (forms).
  • Converging wireless and Web development. According to W3C, XHTML is now the official Web markup standard, replacing HTML. Wireless development so far has been more or less going on in parallel to the Web development. This has had a significant impact on the growth of wireless Internet. Following the official Web markup standard is expected to bring in the much-needed convergence of wireless Internet and the wired Internet.

XHTML's support for CSS and for XML adherence to syntax rules makes it an ideal format for creating wired and wireless Web content.

Tell us about the wireless applications your company has developed or is using today. TalkBack below or e-mail us.
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1. XHTML is the best wireless dev tool
2. More on why XHTML works well for wireless


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